Assignment On Defining A Business - 1542 Words

Defining a Business My business â€Å"Pappa Tommyâ€Å" is a bar and restaurant. I have chosen this name because I want the customers to have a warm atmosphere when they enter my business and that they know Tommy will cook great food for them. The main products that my business will provide are noodles, rice, seafood, chicken and drinks because it is both a bar and restaurant. This business will categorise under the service business because we offer services such as cooking and table service. A service business is doing a service for a customer such as house maintenance, accounting and education. A trading business consists of purchasing finished products and goods from manufacturers for a low price and selling it to customers at a retail outlet for†¦show more content†¦Another purpose to having a partnership is that with partners, your business will have a greater financial source to allow funds for the business start-up costs and debts. Essentially, not all the payments are going to you, but to all the partners involved. However, there are disadvantages of having a partnership structure for a business. The biggest problem of a partnership is the decision making that is involved during a meeting. Most of the times, partners disagrees with each other and will ultimately lead to arguments and personal conflict. Additionally, when a partner makes a mistake and creates a problem for the business, each partner is involved with all the debts and liabilities. This is a disadvantage for you and the partners because you have to pay for a mistake a partner did and it could be at any value. Creating the Business The main reason for establishing my bar and restaurant business is because I will be earning a large income if my business does become successful. From then on, I will be able to expand and become a larger business. Another intention of starting this business is to do the work my own way, knowing that I am the boss of myself and that I have to be independent. I will be able to input my own ideas into the business without having to consult with the boss. Finally, becoming a business owner allows me to choose the hours I wish to work. I can have a

Impact Of Social Networking On Social Media - 1320 Words

Impact of Social Networking Crimes Divya Joshi, Hepi Suthar Students At Gujarat Forensic Sciences University Gandhinagar, India Abstract Social networking on social media websites involves the use of the internet to connect users with their friends, family and acquaintances. Social media websites are not necessarily about meeting new people online, although this does happen. This online social network is useful for spreading information, pictures and videos and generally staying in touch with people you wouldn t normally get to interact with all the time. Social Network is now available as application which is used in Smartphone so people now easily connected and share information, pictures, videos etc. using whatsApp, hike, Facebook, hangout, etc.In this paper, create an invisible iplogger which is sending with a message using the different social networking apps and get the IP address of the receiver device. Key words: Social Networking crimes, users safety, IP Address, Geo Location, I. Introduction A social networking service is an internet based service, platform, or a site that focuses on facilitating the building of social networks or social relationships among people who, for example, share interests, activities, backgrounds, or real-life relations. social network service consists of a representative of each user (often a profile), his/her social links, and a variety of additional services. Social media is an internet-based form of communication. Social mediaShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Impact of Social Media/Networking on Today’s Society2211 Words   |  9 Pagesnegative influence on society and individuals. To me, social media has created a new form of bullying, stereotyping, and racism. Along with the overuse of the internet, giving social media more authority, where it is able to expand in form. And last but not least, the way people have taken something that started out constructive, and mutated it into something that can be so negative. Some days when I sit a nd look at how the world is so reliant on media outlets and the opinions of others it disturbs meRead MorePositive Impact Of Social Media Essay821 Words   |  4 Pagesit is today through social networking. According to the Merriam Webster Dictionary, the phrase â€Å"social media† refers to â€Å"forms of electronic communication through which users create online communities in order to share information, ideas, and other content† (687). Information is readily available at one’s fingertips at any given moment. Social networking has evolved into one of the most common forms of communication since the launching of some of the earliest social networking sites, including ClassmatesRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1563 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media has consumed our society. 47% of American adults used social networking sites in 2011 like Facebook, Myspace, and Twitter; up from 26% in 2008(quoted from procon.org) the aspects of social media both h ave a positive and negative impact on life. Social networking sites promote interaction with distant family and friends. Social networking sites can demonstrate opportunities to strengthen existing relationships and to develop new friendships as well. The downfall of social media sitesRead MoreThe Impact of Social Media on Youth and Adults1646 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscussed Social networks like Facebook, Myspace and Twitter allow individuals to connect with anyone from coworkers to former classmates. The accessibility of these connections allow for individuals to feel easily connected to a larger community, but they have downsides. From false senses of connection, to data pervasiveness ,social networking is something that effects all groups within our culture to the point where we will have to decide if it is benefical or harful to the indivudal. Impacts of SocialRead MoreLiterature Review : A Research Essay1741 Words   |  7 PagesDevelopments and Social Networking Sites When Hartshorne, Ajjan, and Cao (2016) conducted their study, they observed that there has been a significant increase in the number of social networking websites today. Indeed, Jacobsen and Forste (2011) argue that social networking websites have become an international phenomenon in recent years, with many individuals, especially teens and young adults becoming obsessed and addicted to this relatively new sensation. Teenagers and young adults use these social networkingRead MoreAs The World Is Growing, The Social Media Network Is Growing1721 Words   |  7 Pagesworld is growing, the social media network is growing vastly and rapidly as well. We have various social media sites present in the world among which some of the widely used are Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Twitter. Similarly, if we investigate, there would more other social media sites that the people have been using in their daily life. Social networking sites which are part of social media are playing a very vital role for the companies and their growth. Social networking sites are helping theRead MoreSociology Paper-Social Medias Impact on Society1480 Words   |  6 PagesSSC190 Final Research Paper Extended Due Date: Aug. 5th, 2013 5.   Pages 443, 445, text, social movements. Write about Facebook, other social networking sites and their impact on society.(good and bad) Throughout history we have gone through multiple revolutions, like the Agricultural Revolution, the Industrial Revolution, and now the Knowledge or Information Revolution. But has the Knowledge Revolution paved the way for another revolution? It seems, more now than ever, that we are in a CommunicationRead MoreThe Effects Of Social Networking On Society1317 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Social Networking Intro Over half of the world uses the internet. 2.2 billion people actively use any kind of social networking. There were 176 million new users of social media just last year (Regan 1). With the influence of so many people a pressing question: Is the impact of social media harmful or beneficial in its effects? Social networking is one of the biggest reports of online traffic. So, if so many people are using these networking sites, what are the effects on us? The â€Å"first†Read MoreThe Negative Impact Of Social Media852 Words   |  4 PagesThe Negative Impact of Social Media According to the Pew Research Center, â€Å"41% of social media-users have experienced at least one negative outcome as a result of using a social networking site.† In this article, Norton uses logos, pathos, and ethos to explain his standpoint to his audience. Logos are used when Norton brings up the legal issues of social media such as privacy concerns. Bringing the reader into Norton’s own personal experiences of abuse and name-calling uses pathos. Finally, ethosRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1359 Words   |  6 PagesPeople may say social media is good for you but is it really? Everyday, everywhere I always see people on social media calling people bad names, not being able to communicate face to face with each other. Social media, social media, social media†¦ oh what is has done to the world, so many students grades have dropped, criminals PROMOTE crimes. Ultimately, what is at stake here is social media will one day take over the world. Peo ple’s safety will be in danger, crimes will increase, people will get

Destruction Of The Rain Forest Essay Example For Students

Destruction Of The Rain Forest Essay The Destruction of the Earths Rain ForestsIn the time you can read this sentence, eight acres of tropical rain forest will have been bulldozed and burned out of existence (Bloyd 49). However, this destruction has been neglected and overlooked for years. Many people do not understand the long-term consequences of losing the earths rain forests. The rain forests have provided people with many natural resources and medicines. The benefits that rain forests provide to people will be destroyed if the depletion continues to be disregarded. No matter where a person lives, even if it is not near a rain forest, the complete destruction of rain forests will affect living conditions. For years rain forests have provided countries around the word with valuable resources, minerals, lumber, and energy. In Brazil alone the rain forests contains 45% of Brazils hydroelectric power. The minerals found in the rain forests of Brazil are estimated to value 1.6 trillion dollars, while the lumber that the rain forests can provide total 1.7 trillion dollars (In the Forest 1). Nutrients from decomposing organisms can be found throughout rain forests, including in soil and in trees. To continue destroying forests also destroys the important materials that they are providing to humans. The rain forests also provide important exports such as oil, nuts, and rubber. Brazilian nuts have become an important export and coffee has been South Americas main source of money. After Charles Goodyear learned how to use rubber to benefit humans the demand for it increased. The Amazon began to provide rubber for tires made around the world. Today the Amazon still provides the world with a large supply of rubber. Deforestation of rain forests decreases the amount of rubber South America supplies, and businesses will soon have to find a new supply of this resource. The plants found in the rain forests can be useful to everyone around the world. The Kayapo, a people of the Amazon, are dependent upon plants in the Amazon. A research team came into the area that the Kayapo people inhabit. A team of scientists researched 1,200 plants in the area. Their results have shown that 98% of these plants are used in the Kayapo society. Of all the plants 45% of them were never known to science until the research team came (McCuen 58). The benefits of many more unknown plants could never be discovered if rain forests are continually destroyed. It is estimated that 95% of the plant and animal life in the rain forests of the Amazon will be destroyed before anyone has had a chance to test them for beneficial properties. Despite proof from scientific research that many plants found in the rain forests help to cure viruses and diseases, the destruction of forests still continues. In the Unites States one fourth of all drugs that are prescribed have their roots in rain forests (McCuen 14). Rain forests contain a numerous amount of plant species that have not been discovered yet. One of these very plants could help to cure or treat medical patients, including those patients with AIDS or even cancer. Some plants found in the rain forests have been tested and are currently being used. SP-303 is a compound extracted from a plant found in South America. Two products have been derived from this compound: Provir and Virend. Provir helps treat respiratory infections in children, while Virend is a topical ointment used to treat the herpes simplex virus (Carr 5). Other products from medicinal plants include products that treat thrush and also non-addictive painkillers. The National Cancer Institute also determined that 70% of the plants that may help treat cancer grow in the rain forest (Jackson). Today many modern scientists work with shaman to determine the importance and value of plants in the rain forests. Destruction of the rain forests destroys t hese valuable plants, which may cause the loss of a cure for AIDS or other major diseases or cancers of all kinds(Medine 1). .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386 , .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386 .postImageUrl , .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386 , .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386:hover , .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386:visited , .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386:active { border:0!important; } .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386:active , .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386 .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u379c0671dfbb3eee5de997ab0c16a386:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Evolution - Fact Or Fiction? EssayThe presence of rain forests on earth affects the climate around the world. If forests are destroyed no one can predict what will happen to the climate around the world. Rain forests provide fresh air. The trees found in the

Monte Cristo. What Was His Deal Essays - English-language Films

Monte Cristo. What Was His Deal Erick Sawby Euro Lit Mrs. Shepard ?Monte or not Monte; that is the question? (Said in a deep Shakespearian drawl) Edmund Dantes, a strapping young sailor, was the prime years of his life during the nineteenth century. He was a good person, was well mannered and frankly had a lot of things going for him. He was affianced to the lovely Mercedes, he captained a good ship, the Pharon, and had whom he thought been good friends. It was at this stage in his life, however, that things were about to do a complete turn and take 14 years away from him. His envious shipmates planned to ruin him, overtake his ship, and wed his fianc?, so they set him up to be arrested and carried off to the secluded island prison Chateau d' If. Little did they know that Dantes was as adamant about survival and revenge as he was about his passionate sailing. After making a brilliant escape off the island, Dantes returned a changed man both mentally and monetarily. He set out to avenge his newfound enemies in quite an extreme fashion. He wanted them to suffer slowly and painfully before they were ruined and he wanted all those who had been good to him to be awarded. Dantes, dressed as The Count of Monte Cristo, forced Ferdinand, whom had wedded Mercedes, to humiliation then suicide. He got to Caderousee through his greed and it is that which eventually gets him killed. For Villefront, The Count reveals information of an illegitimate child who was assumed dead by Villefront years earlier. The child had survived and was marrying into the family. This revelation leads angers him deeply and many deaths occur afterwards. It is almost as if when Dantes returns to France incognito, he has come to judge the good from the bad, in reference to judging the living and the dead. His 14 years of prison represents Jesus' suffering of crucifixion, for a crime he did not commit none-the-less. He then comes back as a dark character and points the hand of God upon those who cheated and lied to him in the past. Dantes as a character comes full circle from being a careless sailor, to suffering in an almost hell for no reason, then avenging his 14 year plight with an unstoppable force, then sailing off into the sunset, into a kingdom that will have no end.

A Conspiracy Of Silence essays

A Conspiracy Of Silence essays Conspiracy of Silence by Lisa Preist is the life of four boys after murdering a native girl just outside of The Pas. There were many pieces of evidence presented in the book to prove who killed Betty Osborne. The evidence was small and limited but it was eventually for a trial. There was a lot of racism in the book that had a lot to do with the outcome of the trial. Racism isnt always apparent in the book but it is a never-ending problem. In this book there are many pieces of evidence that can prove who did or did not murder Betty Osborne. Evidence will assure that justice is served by anyone involved in the murder. One of the first pieces of evidence found was a cabdriver seeing a car leaving the area of the murder that night. He managed to remember two numbers of the numbers on the license plate; 42. The police used a method very rarely used is a police investigation, they hypnotized him in order to recall that night to find new information. It worked and he remembered four numbers of the license plate in sequence; 5342. This led them to the second piece of evidence, the death car. This was substantial evidence seven months after the murder. They only found a few hairs with similar characteristics of Betty Osbornes proving that maybe sometime before her death she had been in the car. They also found a small bloodstain but they could only prove that it was human blood. Also they found their third piece of evidence, a bra strap under the back seat of the car. They got an expert to fit the strap with the correct size and got the match 32AA, style 122. That was the exact size found at the murder scene that the victim was wearing. Now they had very good physical evidence that Betty Osborne had been in the car that night. One of the very last pieces of evidence ever discovered was probably the most important piece of information in the trial. In 1985 Andrea Wiwcharuk told police what ...

Where to Find IB Physics Past Papers - Free and Official

Where to Find IB Physics Past Papers - Free and Official SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips When you take the IB Physics exam, you'll be nervous no matter what. But having seen a practice test beforehand will be a huge benefit since you'll know the format of the test cold and will be used to the length and style of the test. In this article, I will at least try to get you familiar with the exam format by exposing you to IB Physics past papers, both free and paid. I'll also share strategies on how best to use these IB Physics tests for your own exam prep. Where to Find Free Past Papers Because the IB has gotten very strict in recent years about people illegally uploading past papers, a lot of previous sources aren't available any more. Furthermore, IBO has yet to upload a free sample Physics paper on its website for students to use as practice (although if it does, we'll update this article with a link). I have not been able to find any unofficial IB Physics past papers (ones created from scratch). You should be very wary of any you find. I DO NOT recommend using them, as they may be very different from the actual IB Physics exam. The same thing goes for exams you might find by searching for "IB Physics past papers" online- because they're not officially released by IBO, there's no way to know if they're real (and so illegally uploaded) or constructed (and so not reflective of the actual test). Your best bet for practicing with actual tests, rather than just reviewing your notes and quizzes, is to buy real IB tests. Where to Find Paid IB Physics Tests The IBO sells the IB Physics SL and HL past papers from November 2015 to November 2018 on their website. This is the only safe place to get IB Physics past papers to download. To find them, search for "physics exam paper." From there, you can sort by release date and language. Each paper and each mark scheme costs $3 (or $3.99 for the most recent exam). One full exam (including paper 1, paper 2, paper 3, and the mark scheme for each) will cost you about $18. Buying all of the past papers and mark schemes from 2015-2018 can end up costing hundreds of US dollars, so if you're looking to spend as little as possible, I recommend just purchasing the most recent (May 2018 and November 2018) past papers, as they will be closest to what you learned. 3 Strategies to Use IB Physics Past Papers Effectively Because each practice test takes 3 hours for SL or 4.5 hours for HL, it's important that you get the most out of each test. Here are important tips to keep in mind when you're taking the tests: #1: Take Papers 1 and 2 Consecutively If Possible The IB Physics SL and IB Physics HL papers are a marathon, forcing you to sit and concentrate for 2 hours for SL and 3 hours and 15 minutes for HL. You need to build up endurance so you don't make careless mistakes at the end of the test. By taking the practice test in one sitting, you build up important endurance for the real test. If you don't have time in your schedule for a 2-hour or 3-hour 15-minute session, then splitting it up over multiple days is OK. Just make sure you follow the next rule: #2: Keep Strict Timing on Each Section with a Timer It is essential that you get used to the timing pressures on the IB Physics papers. Here is the timing: IB Physics SL IB Physics SL Paper 1- 45 minutes IB Physics SL Paper 2- 1 hour 15 minutes IB Physics SL Paper 3- 1 hour IB Physics HL IB Physics HL Paper 1- 1 hour IB Physics HL Paper 2- 2 hours 15 minutes IB Physics HL Paper 3- 1 hour 15 minutes In this time, you are expected to complete: IB Physics SL SL Paper 1: 30 multiple-choice questions SL Paper 2: 2 parts, Section A: answer all of 3 or 4 short responses and Section B: pick 1 essay question (you choose between 3 options) SL Paper 3: Answer all of the questions for your 2 options: 4-6 short response questions that each can have between 2-5 parts IB Physics HL HL Paper 1: 40 multiple-choice questions HL Paper 2: 2 parts, Section A: answer all of 5 short response questions that each can have between 3-10 parts and Section B: pick 2 essay questions (you choose between 4 options) HL Paper 3: Answer all of the questions for your 2 options: 5 or more short response and/or essay questions with multiple parts (varies based on the options that you covered in your class) Don't give yourself even two extra minutes- this can allow you to do more questions and improve your score substantially. We want to use these practice papers as reliable indicators of your real score. #3: Review Your Answers At the end of every test, make sure you review every mistake you made, and every question you got correct. If you bypass this step, you're not going to learn from your mistakes, and you'll continue making them over and over again. A rule of thumb is to spend at least 1.5 hours reviewing every full practice tests. This takes a lot of time, but emphasize quality of learning over quantity of learning. I'd rather see you take 2 tests with detailed review than 5 tests with no review. What’s Next? Brush up on your physics knowledge with our guides to calculating acceleration and understanding the law of conservation of mass, as well as our discussion of the specific heat of water and why it's unique. Learn more about IB Physics: The Complete IB Physics Syllabus: SL and HL IB Physics Study Guide Learn more about the IB Program through our other articles: The Complete List of IB Courses and Classes Which IB Courses Can I Take Online? Can I Get an Online IB Diploma? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Campaign Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Campaign - Essay Example The gun control campaign has been headed and designed by Gabby Gifford who has been a victim of the gun shot. She has stood for the rights of women because according to a number of researches, women in United States are more likely to be murdered with guns than any other countries. Therefore, Gabby Gifford has spread the word with the help of the women communities to discuss about the anti-gun revolution in United States. Many iconic figures have also been associated with the campaign in order to help Gabby Gifford. It should be noted that the campaign has been well-designed with the help of different channels such as print Ads, videos over the internet, agendas, social media sites such as Twitter and Instagram etc. The usage of logic has been used quiet efficiently in order to design the campaign and reach its goal (Freudenberg). Let us take a closer and analytical understanding of the elements that have been used in order to design the campaign. The audience of this campaign evaluation is potential women who are seemingly dependent upon others when it comes to security. Majority of the women believe that they can be rescued with the help of people near to them. As a contradiction to such a belief, men tend to take control of the situation when they are attacked by criminals. Men are more likely to fight the criminals and, in most cases, they become successful in surviving the attack. According to the agenda of the campaign by Gabby Gifford for Anti-Gun revolution, women can be taught to undertake self-defense but when criminals have strong weapons like guns then even the self-defense is more likely to fail. Therefore, the audiences of the campaign are the Gun Control Associations that have already done a lot in the past to minimize the possession of guns. However, there is still a lot to be done (Geer, Schi ller and Segal). The campaign has been designed in such a manner that it increases the resonance of

Business 5000 5day Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Business 5000 5day - Essay Example It is not only the business world that is increasingly engaging in scrutiny of CSR, but the literary community as well. This is a trend evident from the increased CSR studies and the wide array of theoretical concepts that attempt to elucidate this crucial aspect of business. For instance, early studies like those conducted by Drayton (2002, pp. 124) do not evaluate CSR as an entire company’s responsibility, but rather as a social duty of individual entrepreneurs. However, with progression in time, the literature diversifies to and most published works show CSR in a wider scope. There appears to be a consensus amongst scholars on the wide scope nature of CSR, as many literary sources show that the concept embraces ethical, environmental, and social challenges. Author Morsing and Schultz (2006, pp.123-134) makes the assertion that corporate social responsibility is largely propelled by increased public demands for improved corporate citizenship and companies’ transparenc y. ... , international diversification of companies is making many multinational companies (MNCs) come into contact with global customers and suppliers that have varying business and cultural backgrounds. As a result, these companies have to adopt norms and practices of the recipient country, in order to blend in and operate profitably in the new environment. This idea is supported by Mair and Marti (2006, pp. 23-35), who emphasizes that CSR agendas closely relate with global development. Apparently, CSR strategies are perceived as vehicles through which large MNCs can actively foster the welfare of developing nations, by conducting their operations in a responsible manner, especially in regard to environmental and social issues. However, as Crane and Matten (2003, p. 84) notes, the reality of the situation is that, majority of the large international companies usually undermine CSR provisions. This is shown by the corporations’ unethical and irresponsible behavior; characterized by problematic issues like provision of insecure workplace environment, gender discrimination, unfair payment, sexual harassment, as well as, pollution of the environment with toxic effluents or emissions. Even though CSR strategies are utilized in virtually every business environment, it is imperative to not that they may vary from one economy to another. The CSR approach in developing nations largely differs from that in developed regions. For instance, developing nations are characterized by continuing economic growth, making them suitable targets for majority of foreign corporations. These nations are considered to be lucrative, since they have abundant low wage labour, a wide variety of resources, and limited government restrictions. These are all crucial elements for MNCs profitable

Gillette Essay Example for Free

Gillette Essay Case Analysis for Gillette: Product and Marketing Innovation 9/11/2012 Abstract Gillette is seeking means to retain dominance in market share they have lead for the last century. Along with sustaining market share Gillette has continued focus on expanding worldwide into less saturated markets. In this analysis multiple alternatives will be explored in order to make a recommendation on steps that would favor Gillette’s organization in meeting their aspirations. Situation Analysis Product quality and efficient marketing are the core value propositions that set the pace for Gillette’s success. With continued innovation in both product development and marketing strategies Gillette has been able to retain a commanding worldwide market share in a highly competitive, but mature, razor and blade market. Strong market share allowed Gillette to sustain profits even through economic droughts in recent years. On the flip side, Gillette’s innovation success also posed challenges. In order to maintain their market share, a dependency on continuous product improvement formed over time. Now Gillette will need to determine how to balance investment in research and development along with other areas of the organization. At times their own innovation of new product lines impacted their leading product lines in the market. During the 1990s Gillette found themselves cannibalizing their own successful products when trying to out due the competition. Even though internal competition shifted sales from one product line to another, Gillette’s sales were able to re-coop development costs. Expanding market share around the world also revealed challenges with varying religious and culture beliefs. Western influences have started to generate growth with European woman as younger generations watch American movies and television that depict women with sleek underarms and legs. Gillette’s latest innovation, the Fusion 5(+1) blade, was back in 2006. Since then Schick, Gillette’s leading competitor has not responded with their own break through. Gillette should be wondering what Schick might do next. Problem As the market Gillette has lead for so long became mature, their growth ultimately declined due to market saturation and increase competition. Fluctuations occurred only when newer, more innovative products were introduced. This put more pressure on development advancements and marketing tactics. Many analysts believe that Gillette and Schick, leaders in razors and blades, have reached the end of meaningful product innovation [1]. In 2006 when the Fusion 5(+1) blade was introduced, it exploded off the shelves. Gillette sold more than 4 billion Fusion razors with in the first two months. The Fusion’s initial success was quickly fleeting as sales reports showed that razors were outselling the cartridge refills. This was very concerning to Gillette as it is well-known that razor manufacturers earn most of their profits from refills, not the initial razor purchase. Critics also questioned why five blades were needed to get the best shave when Gillette had touted its three-bladed Mach3 as †the best a man can get. † â€Å"Consumer reports conclude that there were no additional performance benefits provided by the five-bladed Fusion, especially when compared to the Mach3† [1 pg391]. Economic recession also impacted sales as Gillette’s products went up in price due to a need to re-coop development costs. How can Gillette continue to maintain or grow market share in a mature market and keep future strategies aligned with customer wants? Alternatives Continue product line and marketing without major change. No additional research and development costs would need to be spent, which in return reduces the need to raise prices for maintaining their profit margin. However the risk looming would be competitor innovation impacting current market share. Schick may produce a new innovative product that would sway consumers from purchasing Gillette’s products. As stated in the case Gillette must find new ways to innovatively out-produce or out-market the competition. Investing in research and development to create new product line or enhance current products adds considerable expenses. Development costs will need to be re-cooped. This will keep competitors in check, but will be challenging to keep pricing competitive. Compliment current leading product lines that keep consumers happy. Promoting Christmas, Father’s day and Mother’s day gift grooming kits that meets more of the consumer’s needs will also introduce consumers to other product lines Gillette has to offer. Focus marketing potential growth opportunities globally by challenging resistance in product awareness and interests. As a Gillette razor consumer, I have encountered an inconvenience that I think can be solved and build customer loyalty. I’ve been using Mach 3 razors for over fifteen years, and when purchasing refills I have found it difficult to find blades that are compatible with the razor handle that I own. Thinking out of the box, what if Gillette were to make razor handles that are compatible with any of Gillette’s product line of refills? This would then provide consumers the freedom to purchase from a variety of Gillette’s product lines without having to spend extra money on a handle that works with the particular product refill. Owning a Gillette universal handle would also encourage customers to stay with Gillette refills as converting to another brand would cost more with the initial required handle purchase. Implementation From the case I would assume Gillette will continue to â€Å"innovatively out-produce or out-market the competition† [1]. I believe moving forward with developing a universal handle with Gillette refills would accomplish this. This would require investment into developing a new handle and rollout of the product. Here is an approximate timeline to complete.

Gaining a “sense of the arts” through music Essay -- Music, Language

Gaining a â€Å"sense of the arts† through music The arts are forms of personal and social expression. They stimulate imagination, thinking, thinking, and understanding. The arts are fundamental in the development of children, who can feel as well as think, and who are sensitive and creative. In early childhood education children identify and express the feelings and ideas in different forms such as music, dance, drama, and visual arts. This essay highlights the key ideas of how young children between the ages of three to five make sense through art such as music. Furthermore, this essay makes links to early childhood curriculum as a bicultural perspective. It concludes with the role of teachers and adults in providing support during music. Art as music Music is a unique way of making sense of sound. It is also a way of knowing how children see the world, express their views and how they come to know the world. Feeney et al, (2006) emphasises that arts such as music help children to develop their senses and they are essential part of children’s growing up. Listening to music is fundamental to all forms of music-making and musical experience. To hear music is relatively easy, provided no physical barriers exist. However, to listen to music with understanding and comprehension requires repeated exposure and guided learning. The ability to listen with understanding and comprehension enhances all learning activities, and should therefore become an integral part of early childhood learning centres. Developing this ability at such a young age will have long-term benefits for a life-long learning program. Many musical activities require children to wait their turn, listen to each other, hold their instrument still until they h... ...vidually and in groups, provides opportunities for purposeful contributions† (MOE, 1996, p. 96). One of the main responsibilities of teachers is to facilitate creativity and not to limit or extinguish the natural talent of children. For example, as teachers we should move with children, so that they learn to move their bodies to the rhythm of the music. As teachers we should encourage with words such as: â€Å"you are a good singer† Or â€Å"do you like this music?† (Brownlee, 1991). Conclusion It is extremely important for teachers to motivate and encourage children to be involved through the arts. Additionally, teachers should stimulate children’s reflective thinking. Moreover, professional development is extremely important for teachers. Teachers can participate in programs to learn the techniques of an arts-integrated approach to education. (1343 words)

The Scarlet Letter: Passage Explication

Honors American Lit. B Kathryn Durga The Scarlet Letter: The Child at Brook-side3/22/13 In this passage Dimmesdale is speaking about Pearl standing on the other side of the stream refusing to go to him and Hester. The contrast between Pearl standing on the opposite side as them parallels the contrast in their lives. Hester, now not wearing the scarlet letter, and Dimmesdale are concealing their relationship and their sin in the forest, representing a world of secrecy. Pearl, however, is representing a world of truth by refusing to join them until Hester once again wears the ‘A’, which throughout the book has been Hester’s truth.The two separate worlds that they’re a part of cannot come together until they change; Dimmesdale wants Pearl to be the one to change by joining them in their new plan to escape to Europe and by joining them in their lie. Pearl however refuses to be with them until they join her in her truth. This is exemplified by Pearl not going to her mother until she wears the ‘A’ and by Pearl rejecting Dimmesdale. Pearl washes off Dimmesdale’s kiss after he once again refuses to hold their hands in public, showing yet again how much she rejects dishonesty.Dimmesdale refers to Pearl as an elf which is defined as, â€Å"one of a class of preternatural beings, especially from mountainous regions, with magical powers, given to capricious and often mischievous interference in human affairs, and usually imagined to be a diminutive being in human form†. This parallels to Pearl’s character very well because she is very capricious, her mood often changes very quickly and she can be really unpredictable also throughout the book she seems to be meddling in the affairs of Dimmesdale and Hester by not allowing them to live in secrecy.When Dimmesdale says Hester can never meet Pearl again it shows a strong divide between Hester and Pearl as Pearl is still very innocent and pure while her mother is conve yed as a sinner, similar to the way Christians in the bible view sin as a wall between a person and God. Hawthorne says later in the chapter that the separation was the fault of Hester not the fault of Pearl meaning that it was because of Hester’s transgression that the divide happened not because of anything Pearl did. This shows that Hawthorne believes that sin separates people and that doing something wrong to a person can damage the relationship.This moment shows how Dimmesdale doesn’t want to tell the truth; he wants to be in a loving relationship with Hester but doesn’t want to deal with the sin that they shared. At the moment Hester is carrying the full load of their punishment while Dimmesdale claims he is suffering however he has not had to face the scrutiny of the town the way Hester has. Dimmesdale is asking Pearl to join him in his deceitfulness however she is doing what her mother is not doing by refusing to love and accept Dimmesdale until he revea ls his truth and has to deal with the punishment that Hester had to deal with.Overall Hawthorne uses this quote as imagery of the brook and a simile of the separation of the worlds of sin and truth and also uses this to characterize Dimmesdale as a dishonest person. â€Å"‘I have a strange fancy,’ observed the sensitive minister, ‘that this brook is the boundary between two worlds, and that thou canst never meet thy Pearl again. Or is she an elfish spirit, who, as the legends of our childhood taught us, is forbidden to cross a running stream? Pray hasten her; for this delay has already imparted a tremor to my nerves. ’† (pg. 188)

Bussiness

Part one Excuative Summary Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, Inc. is one of the leading hotel and leisure companies in the world with 1,000 properties in 100 countries and approximately 145,000 employees at its owned and managed properties. Starwood Hotels is a fully integrated owner, operator and franchisor of hotels and resorts with the following internationally renowned brands: St. Regis, The Luxury Collection, Sheraton, Westin, Four Points by Sheraton, W, Le Meridien, Aloft, and Element. Starwood Hotels also owns Starwood Vacation Ownership, Inc. one of the premier developers and operators of high quality vacation interval ownership resorts. Starwood hotels and resorts offer an array of innovative services to meet the needs of guest, and business traveler. Including high speed internet throughout all of their hotels, two-line telephones in the guest rooms, and fax and print services at stations threw out their hotels. In 2011 the company posted revenues of $5,624,000,000. In 2 006, it had sales of nearly $6 billion and profits of $1 billion. Starwood Hotels and Resorts has six core value that they follow; Trust, Respect, Callaboration, Innovation, Accountability, and Execution.With these values Starwood Hotels and Resorts uses these core values and its mission statement to serve as a blueprint for what they will accomplish. Starwood Hotels and Resorts mission statement is as follows; â€Å"Create the most successful branded, global, lifestyle Hospitality Company by ensuring that trust and respect, for our associates and guests, are at the forefront of everything we do. We are committed to re-imagining our business with creativity and innovation, resulting in exciting, fun workplace. †(http://www. starwoodhotels. com/corporate/careers/believe/values. tml) Starwood Hotels and Resorts mission statement focuses on creating a great hospitality company for their employees and their guest. CEO Fritz Van Passchen and CFO Vasant M. Prabhu of Starwood Hotels and Resort makes it there goal to do so. Fritz Van Paasschen, has been Chief Executive Officer and President of the Starwood Hotels and Resorts Worldwide, Inc. since September 2007. Previously he served as and CEO of Molson Coors Brewing Company’s largest division from March 2005 until September 2007. Vasant M. Prabhu Reports to Frits Van Paasschen as vice chairman and financial officer or Starwood Hotels and Resorts. Vasant is responsible for the accounting, tax, strategic planning, corporate development and risk management function of the corporation. Vasant has 20 years of experience and previously served as an executive vice president and chief financial officer for Safeway Inc. It is not nothing new for companies in the hospitality industry to give back to the community. Starwood hotel and Resorts is the world’s leading hospitality company with over 1128 properties in 100 countries represented by nine innovative brands and over 145,000 associates.With such breadt h and verity it makes the Starwood hotels and resorts willing and ready to promote change around the world and they are committed to doing so. When it comes to social responsibility Starwood Hotels and Resorts   has other hotels beat in 2012 one of the Starwood store brands   the Sheraton Metechi palace Hotel received an award for the â€Å"World’s Leading CSR Programme†Ã‚     and that’s not the only time they were nominated for such rewards according to  http://www. worldtravelawards. om/profile-2434-starwood-hotels-resorts. Some CSR programs Starwood Hotels and Resorts are associated with; Starwood hotels and resorts has been charitable partner with UNICEF since 1995 and the program now operates in more than 210 of its hotels throughout world and has raised $13 million for UNICEF. Some 2012 CSR projects include Starwood’s employees fundraising campaign, the road to awareness, $320,000 was raised from the schools for Africa project and list goes on and on.Part Two Technological Opportunities Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide Inc. is the most global High-end hotel company in the world. Their strength lies in nine distinct lifestyle brands, an award-winning loyalty program and there more than 171,000 associates at their owned and manages properties. Starwood hotel and resort tries focusing on blending and mining there associates. They makes it a priority to maintain an associate and customer base as diverse as the world population. Our culture of diversity and inclusion has also been recognized by DiversityInc as one of the â€Å"Top 50 Companies for Diversity† and by the Human Rights Campaign as one of the â€Å"Best Places to Work for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Equality†. Starwood hotels and resorts offer an array of innovative services to meet the needs of guest, and business traveler. Including high speed internet throughout all of their hotels, two-line telephones in the guest rooms, and fax a nd print services at stations threw out their hotels. Part Three Marketing OpportunitiesStarwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, Inc. Plans to strengthening its position as the leading hotel operator across the Middle East and Africa (MEA) region with an existing portfolio of 82 hotels, representing nearly 22,000 guest rooms, the majority of which are operated under Starwood’s world-renowned Sheraton and Le Meridien brands. The company plans to increase its MEA portfolio by more than 60% with nearly 50 new hotels set to open over the next five years, adding more than 14,000 guest rooms to the region while creating thousands of local employment opportunities.With over 20 hotels expected to open by the end of 2015, Starwood is on track to reach a milestone 100 hotels across MEA. Further underscoring the importance of the region as one of Starwood’s fastest growing hotel and travel markets, earlier this month the company relocated its global headquarters from Stamford, Connec ticut to Dubai for a month-long immersion. â€Å"Starwood continues to see demand for growth of all of our brands across the Middle East and Africa despite economic and political uncertainty in some parts of this incredibly diverse region,† said Frits van Paasschen, President and CEO, Starwood Hotels & Resorts. Rapid economic growth, rising personal incomes, a growing middle class and ever greater global connectivity are driving new travel patterns and demand for travel, and this region is at the center of these trends and a key focus of our growth strategy. † According to http://www. starwoodhotels. com/corporate/about/index. html Part Four Recruitment Presentation At Starwood Hotels and Resorts Inc. they make it a mission to create opportunities for undergraduates and graduates across every area of their business.Through internships, externships, and management training programs they will teach you leadership and team’s skill. So position yourself for a rewardi ng career in hospility industry take it from me I only work at one of their location and actually started as an intern and now I am a supervisor. Making there recruitment overview to be right on target when they say â€Å"We advance. No matter where we go, we always move forward. We open new hotels and resorts and create more personal, global experiences for our guests.You can be a part of it all with our programs at our properties and corporate locations throughout the world in places such as China, the United States, Canada, Europe, Africa and the Middle East and South Asia. We inspire. We immerse you with people, places and practices that make up our thriving portfolio. You will experience firsthand the thrills of working with some of the most sought-after hospitality brands and leaders in the world. † Part Five Future Opportunities From the company's luxury General Managers Summit in Dubai, Starwood Hotels ; Resorts Worldwide, Inc. NYSE: HOT) today announced its luxury fo otprint has nearly doubled worldwide in five years to meet growing global demand. Starwood is lengthening its lead in luxury hospitality with more than 160 hotels in 39 countries as part of The Luxury Collection, St. Regis and W brands, offering guests and residents personalized service and exceptional experiences around the world. Looking ahead, Starwood will add 50 luxury hotels in 12 new countries over the next five years. The General Managers Summit coincides with Starwood's month-long relocation of its global headquarters to Dubai. Modern luxury has not replaced tradition; they sit at the same table, but in slightly different clothes† â€Å"We are on the cusp of a new golden age of luxury travel as technology and globalization drive new trade routes, capital flows and wealth creation,† said Frits van Paasschen, Starwood's President and CEO. â€Å"Dubai is at the epicenter of this change and we are delighted to welcome our general managers from around the world to cultivate a deeper understanding of a new and growing luxury landscape. † According to www. starwoodhotels. com Starwood's inaugural luxury General Managers Summit

Hollow of the Three Hills Essays

Hollow of the Three Hills Essays Hollow of the Three Hills Essay Hollow of the Three Hills Essay Subjects of the Hollow of the three Hills: -main character as a beautiful adult female with a black and detestable yesteryear. -trying to run from it will merely do the job follow. -character as person who is a plighted topic who had such a secret that she had to be where no person could detect them. -She wanted this enchantress to assist her see and hear what was go oning with her loved 1s ; but she merely had one hr to make so and after this one hr she would decease Hawthorne did non come out and said this but in stating things like there is but a short hr that we may loiter here. and I will make your command though I did. She had run from everything that was of import to her because the most of import. was deceasing. Hawthorne was non excessively clear in saying what precisely the job was but it seemed that her girl had fallen ill. – Throughout the narrative Hawthorne masks this fact good and uses boding nicely. In one portion where the chief character is looking in on her parents by agencies of the enchantresss powers and Hawthorne describes her parents as speech production †¦of a girl. a roamer they -Not merely she had left him with hurting and agony for their kid but she had besides left him with hurting and antipathy towards her. She tried to run off from her daughter’s illness and infringing decease. but by making so merely brought guilt and compunction upon herself. She must hold known that her hubby would hold strong feelings of antipathy towards her and still volitionally looked in on his life to see how he was. – The portion in the narrative when she looked back towards her hubby was the portion of the narrative that stuck out the most as Nathaniel Hawthorne’s manner of composing. This was a good illustration of his Puritan Guilt Ethic’ . She felt such compunction for go forthing that the merely good thing to make was to look into up on him and see if he was all right. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the Puritan Guilt Ethic’ in most of his short narratives and novels and this is one illustration of him utilizing it. – The girl died of her unwellness as Hawthorne foreshadowed throughout the short narrative by composing such things as into the tone of a decease bell and like lamplight on the wall of a burial chamber. The chief character left her girl to decease and that is merely what happened. Looking back in retrospect the chief character likely would hold stayed with her girl. -As a female parent watching her daughter’s funeral brigade must hold broken her bosom but watching it through a enchantresss enchantment must hold shattered it. – Hawthorne’s chief character chose to run like a coward and in the terminal paid the worst effect of all. She gave up her life to witness the hurting and agony she had cause to others. With her girl dead by disease. her hubby infuriated with hatred and hurting. and her parents filled with disgust and humiliation she had no 1 that cared about her at all because she couldn’t handle the emotional emphasis. How much emotional emphasis does it look she caused to others in the terminal though? She tried to get away her responsibilities as a married woman and female parent but they merely followed her to the really terminal

How to Pronounce the French X

How to Pronounce the French X Generally, the letter x is used in one of two ways in French: by itself or in combination with c (xc). X: Soft Pronunciation The x is pronounced like the x in the English word fix [ks] in two locations: 1) in front of a  consonant  or 2) at the end of a word or syllable.  Listen   Examples: the letter xune experience experience, experimentla taxe tax Exception:  The x at the end of French  numbers such as  six  and  dix  is pronounced like an S. X: Hard Pronunciation Between two vowels in two different syllables, the x is pronounced [gz] as in exit. ListenException:  The x in  xà ©rà ¨s  is pronounced [gz]. Examples:   le xylophone xylophoneexact exact, correct Liaison  or  Enchaà ®nement In  pronunciations that involve  liaison  or  enchaà ®nement, x is pronounced like a z. XC: Soft Pronunciation In front of a  soft vowel xc is pronounced [ks], like the soft x  pronunciation in which the c is essentially silent. Listen to  excentrà ©. Examples: excellent excellentexcentrà © outlying XC: Hard Pronunciation In front of a hard vowel or a  consonant,  xc is pronounced [ksk], like the soft x plus a hard c. Essentially, they are pronounced individually according to their traditional rules. Listen to  express.   Examples:   excusez-moi excuse meexclamation exclamationexpress espresso

Crime rate in Accra Ghana and its contributing factors Essay

Crime rate in Accra Ghana and its contributing factors - Essay Example The recent increase in horrendous crime in Accra present an issue of major concern demanding global attention because armed robberies, rapes, murders, and burglaries occur on daily basis now. The list of horrific atrocities committed by active criminals in Accra goes on and on and the societal structure is being deteriorated more and more, eventually. Both local citizens and expatriates are badly offended and affected by this phenomenal increase in crime rate, and no one can remain oblivious to this strengthening societal evil. The growing crime pattern largely depicts the devastated economic conditions that are prevalent in Accra. With the population of the Accra city recorded to be 4.5 million as of 2011, Accra represents the largest metropolitan assembly in Ghana. (Vanderpuije). Crime is a major challenge to the administrative team of Accra owing to the high density of population in the city. As the city of Accra is considered to be the hub of Ghana due to its massive population, this place has also become the hub of criminal activities as well. Urban growth has brought with itself the problems of low economic conditions, unemployment, lack of educational oppurtunities, and poor infrastructural state. (Adu-Mireku 153-168). The combination of giant population and poor economic state proves to be lethal for the suture potential of any place. This is because many facilities needed ferociously for the giant population are cancelled out by low economic state of a city. The case of Accra is just the same because more and more employment opportunities are demanded by the local citizens and in response to minimal employment opportunities, the youth promptly falls in the silken snare of crimes. Unemployment and lay-offs are terrifically common in Accra thus boosting the crime level. The present state in the capital is that the organized crime knows no boundaries and much of the crime is accentuated by poor socio-economic conditions. The incidence of burglary, which i s an ubiquitous crime, is highly distressing while the heads of the family are outside at the workplaces. The crime of car theft is so common in Accra that the police force has repeatedly issues warnings to the local citizens to have parts of their cars engraved in an order to make their cars more identifiable once stolen, which is highly common in Accra these days. This step has slightly reduced the rate of car theft because â€Å"the most up-to-date figures put car thefts in 2008 at 131 compared with 146 the previous year.† (Wanted in Africa). The demographic and gender makeup of any place is very necessary to scrutinize when discussing crime rate and its patterns. Age, race, gender, and marital status are the most important predictors for explaining crime trends, patterns, and its distribution in the society. According to (Ghana  Police  Headquarters, cited in Appiahene-Gyamfi 20), â€Å"Accra data showed a progressive concentration of crime among young males aged bet ween eighteenand  thirty-six  years.† Most of the criminals caught by the police force are single and appear to have little or no educational knowledge. They also do not have any employment records owing to their minimal education. Age differences are also highly related to the type of criminal activities performed. Car thefts and robbery incidents are more common among the younger age group in Accra and operating burglaries involving residential places of expatriates is more common among the middle age group. A study conducted between 2004 and 2005 by (Adjei et al. 594) reveals that the most

How Canadian doing business in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How Canadian doing business in China - Essay Example China is the epitome of Eastern culture. Any business communications between two countries must be done with care. Western culture in terms of the spoken language can be characterized as low-context. This means Westerners speak in a direct, frank, and oftentimes blunt manner as their language is precise and specific. In contrast, the Eastern culture is high-context in that besides the spoken word, there are added elements to communications such as a smile, frown, silence, aphorism, metaphor, anecdote, or even a joke to deliver a message (Norales, 2006). Added to these subtleties are the strictly local concepts of guanxi and of â€Å"face.† This paper discusses the enduring values and utility of guanxi and face when in China. Guanxi – this refers to the personalized network of contacts and influences in Chinese society. Basically, this word combines the two concepts of relationships and connections which are very central in how Chinese society functions. It is an all-encompassing idea that links two people in a mutually beneficial relationship although the relationship may not be always between two equals. In guanxi, there is an implicit general understanding (without specific requests or demands) in which people benefit from the social connections they had developed over the years through a cycle of reciprocity in granting favors. In this context, a Canadian businessman should first try to develop his guanxi by joining a club or a business association to gain contacts before asking any direct favors from the Chinese. Other members of the association can evaluate the Canadians sincerity by interacting with him without business in mind. Business can be discussed later only when trust is gained and people know each other better (Reuvid & Li, 2006). Guanxi in its literal meaning is â€Å"pass to a hierarchy† and a successful businessman gains influence and the necessary

Interim assessment For PhD research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Interim assessment For PhD - Research Paper Example However, the cultures which are being followed in construction industry is associated with the ineffective communication and coordination among members of project team, sexual harassment, poor mentality and lack of trust among project team members. These features results in negatively affecting the overall performance of the industry (Ankrah, 2007). This research study is being conducted in order to investigate the impact of organisational culture on safety of the project with reference to the construction industry. The study also seeks to explore the impact of culture and safety on project performance. The study is based on the construction industry located in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The researcher in this study also interested in finding the current health and safety policies being adopted by construction industry in Saudi Arabia, the accidental rates in construction sites, and the factors influence in implementing safety culture in construction companies. The research would be he lpful in determining the degree to which culture influence safety and performance of the project. 1.2. Justification: Choudhry, R., Fang, D., and Lingard, H. (2009) conducted research study regarding the safety climate of the construction industry and concluded that the safety is highly important for improving the overall performance of the construction organizations and thus provided a framework for measuring the safety climate of a construction company. Fang, Chen, and Wong (2006) conducted research study on the safety climate of the construction industry in Hong Kong and presented important insights for the organisations operating in the construction industry of Hong Kong. Larsson, Pousette, and Torner (2008) and O’Toole (2002), worked on the relationship of the safety climate with the employees’ behaviour and performance. There have been few or no research studies conducted in order to explore the impact of the different cultural practices in the construction indus try on the safety and eventually the impact of the organisational culture and safety on the project performance with reference to the Saudi Arabia. Therefore this research study would be significant for researchers who would conduct research related to the topic in future. Furthermore, there are some studies conducted in this topic but they did not focus on significance of culture related to safety and performance. This study would be helpful for owners and contactors of the construction company. The study will highlight the factors influencing project performance of the construction companies. The research study will also suggest the safety techniques which should be adopted by construction companies in order to create safety environment during different projects. It will also highlight the weaknesses of the policies being adopted by construction companies in accomplishing a project. The study would also be beneficial for government of KSA in making the safety policies for construc tion industry. 2. Background 2.1. Construction Industry in Saudi Arabia: The progress of construction industry in a country shows the future progress of the country. The construction industry of Saudi Arabia is one of the largest and fast growing markets which encountered the business of $36.5 billion in 2011 and is expected to reach $43.8

Coaching And Mentoring For The Leadership And Management Management Essay

Coaching And Mentoring For The Leadership And Management Management Essay Both coaching and mentoring are procedures that facilitate together corporate and individual customers to attain their complete prospective. Coaching isà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ A process that enables learning and development to occur and thus performance to improve. To be a successful Coach it requires a understanding and knowledge of progression as well as the diversity of styles, abilities and procedures that are suitable to the framework in which the coaching takes place. Eric Parsloe, The Manager as Coach and Mentor 1999 page 8 The communal cord tying all kinds of coaching mentoring is that these facilities offer a vehicle for investigation, consideration and accomplishment that finally allow the consumer to attain success in one more areas of their work or life. Mentoring isOff-line benefit by individual person to another in making substantial changes in knowledge, work or thinking. Clutterbuck, D Megginson, D, Mentoring Executives and Directors 1999 page 3 Coaching and Mentoring have many features in common that we can outline the similarities that coaches and mentors perform irrespective of the services offered in a paid (professional) or free (philanthropic) role. Simplify the investigation of desires, inspirations, requests, talents and thought processes to assist the individual in making genuine, lasting change. Implement interrogative methods to expedite clients own views in order to classify solutions and actions relatively than takes a wholly directive methodology. Support the client in setting suitable methods and objectives of evaluating progress related to these goals Be observant, attentive and ask relevant questions to recognize the clients position. Utilize tools and techniques creatively which includes, simplifying, counselling networking. Encourage the assurance to development and action of lasting personal change growth. Maintain unqualified optimistic respect to the client, that means the coach will be at all times non-judgmental and supportive of the client, their views, aspirations and lifestyle. Ensure clients have healthy dependencies with coaching and mentoring relationships develop personal competencies. Evaluate the consequences of the procedure, using objective procedures where possible to ensure the flourishing relationship and the client is succeeding their personal goals. Encourage clients to constantly progress capabilities and to improve new progressive pacts where essential to achieve their goals. Work within their range of particular capability. Possess recommendations and capability on the areas where skills-transfer coaching is provided. Administer the correlation to confirm the client accepts the suitable level of facility and there are neither too short, nor too long programmes. Difference between coaching and mentoring: We now know there are lots of similarities between Mentoring and Coaching. Mentoring: An Older or wiser colleague can pass on his experience, knowledge which enables an individual to follow his path to gain good opportunities. Coaching: Unless it is Client-specific/skill based, coaching may not directly focus on the direct experience of Clients formal occupational role. Executive Coaching Mentoring: Many times people overlap the terms Executive Business coaching or Mentoring and call themselves Executive/Business Coaches and Mentors in the marketplace. Coaching and mentoring should not just be seen as a luxury enjoyed by a few managers in large, well-funded development agencies, but something that has genuine value at all levels and all types of organisations. Hailey 2006:22 Executive Coaches and Mentors should basicallyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Have a track record in executive professional roles à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Work with those who are high-flyers or with those who have potential to be one. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Work on board at CEO level with high profile or blue-chip organizations à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Maintain complete confidentially à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Work with business leaders and potential captains of industry Business coaching mentoring: Catalysts that inspire companies to implement Mentoring Coaching is to provide employees key support through career or role changes, mergers acquisitions changes and Organizational development changes. Coaching and Mentoring were mainly done by Senior Managers and company directors. These are now available as professional tool linked closely with company initiatives to help the staff to adapt changes which is consistent with their personal values and goals. Ad Coaching mentoring focus on client, improves morale, motivate individuals to enhance their productivity reduce staff turnover because it makes individual feel valued adapt to organizational changes. This role may be taken up by internal coaches, mentors or by any professional coaching agencies. Skills coaching and mentoring: Skills coaching is similar to one-one training. Coaches and Mentors have a holistic approach to individuals personal development with the capability to focus on the fundamental skills and requirements of an employee. They should be highly competent and experienced to outperform the skills they mentor or coach. Todays job market is changing and traditional training program is often inflexible or generic to deal with this fast pace of change. A one-to-one skills coaching allows much adaptive, flexible and on time approach to skills development. We can apply skills training in live environments instead of taking people into a classroom away from the job, where it is less effective to simulate real job environment. One-to-one skills training is not the similar to sitting next to Nelly approach to on the job training. The fundamental difference is that like any good personal or professional development intervention this is based on need assessment related to job roles that generates measurable learning and performance outcomes. This type of Skills training is likely to focus mainly on skills required to perform job function instead of telling or directive style. Personal coaching mentoring: Personal or life coaching is increasing considerably in the UK, Europe and Australia. Personal coaches may work in person along with the email and telephone based relationships. These coaches are mentors work in highly supportive roles to those who desire to make some form of significant change within their lives. Coaches propose their clients an encouraging and motivating environment to discover what they aspire in life and how they might achieve them to fulfill their needs. By being friendly and committed to action, coaching allows an individual his personal space and helps client to support themselves to grow and develop in their experiences. Coachs key role is often to help the client maintain the enthusiasm and dedication needed to accomplish their goals In many scenarios personal coaching is differentiated from completely with the focus and context of the programme. Business coaching is conducted always within the limitations placed on the individuals context or the organizational group. Personal coaching on the other hand is taken completely from a individuals perspective. The objectives, costs and benefits of a coaching scheme being introduced in an organisation: Between late 1930s and 1960s, coaching literature mainly focused on Internal triaining with Supervisors and Managers acting as coaching in the organizations. Paper by Gorby (1937) explains how the senior employees are trained to coach new employees. Another 1938 Publication by Bigelow discusses the advantages of Sales coaching. Mold in 1958 reported on the benefits of Manager acting as Coach and Maher(1964) identified the difficulties in Managers becoming effective coaches. Gershman in 1967 produced his doctoral research thesis that Supervisors/Managers who were trained as successful coaches helped to improve employees attitude and job performance. The cost/benefit analysis: The costs of a fully implemented coaching culture can be high, including some or all of the following: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Fees of external coaches. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Training costs of internal coaches and continuing fixed costs. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Lost chargeable time while individual coaching/mentoring is undertaken. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Training costs of professionals who wish to coach/ mentor in their management and client roles (both in the cost of training them and in the loss of time given up to coaching). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Increased time in using coaching as a learning tool (learning is a two-way process and takes longer). With such easily measured costs there will always be a challenge as to the benefit. This is a significant challenge for many organisations but as Bridget Allen, head of coaching at KPMG said: KPMG is a highly successful commercial organisation and does not adopt strategies and actions lightlywhile we may not measure the benefits of the coaching culture on a scientific basiswe wouldnt do it if it didnt work. How should organisations measure the benefits of a coaching scheme more systematically? The organisation could start with one-to-one coaching and individual performance (or possibly performance of their division/department). Success could be defined as a return on their expectations, which would be to achieve their coaching objectives. A complementary piece of research was undertaken by the Chartered Institute of Personnel Development recently. It asked a number of leading global companies the simple question Does coaching really work? (Chartered Institute of Personnel Development (2006)) 96% of respondents thought internal and external coaching were highly effective. Yet again, only 32% suggested that this conclusion could be based on KPI improvements; the remaining respondents agreed their conclusions were more subjective. Nonetheless, a more systematic way of measuring benefits from coaching programmes is possible and the results are compelling. In 2001, a US entity, Manchester Consulting Inc (Manchester Consulting Inc (2001), Coaching the ROI) undertook a return on investment exercise (using Fortune 1000 entities), comparing the costs of introducing a coaching programme with the benefits, as measured by increased revenue, cost savings and estimated financial gains from better relationships and improved KPIs. The overall return on cost (ROI) investment was calculated at some 600% as shown in the following table: It is easier to identify the impact of coaching/mentoring on individuals than it is to observe and assess impact at the organisational level. The learning histories illustrate, however, that changes at the individual level can, and sometimes do, permeate more widely through the organisation through improved styles of leadership, management and communication. Below are the tangible benefits from organisational changes that arose from a leadership coaching and mentoring: Time management and planning would be much improved. Individual staff working on issues such as communication skills and consciousness would rise in separating issues from people, to avoid personal attacks and conflict. The senior management would increase confidence in their roles and feel motivated by the coaching process. Awareness would be raised of potential pitfalls in cross-cultural communication. Efforts would be made to develop and finalise policies, systems and procedures. Understanding of internal staff politics and how to work effectively across an organisation in a leadership capacity, Influencing and negotiating more effectively. Investing time and effort in learning through coaching/mentoring helps to encourage a wider learning environment within an organisation and to develop an appreciation of the importance of learning for organisational change and development. I find, therefore, that while some organisations believe coaching gives a return on investment and measurable benefits, the overwhelming majority believe the benefits are not capable of such precise measure. The perceived benefits of coaching are strongly felt by our global respondents. Identifying what benchmarks you would use to judge the success of a coaching and mentoring scheme; Performance coaching derives its theoretical benchmarks and models from business, psychotherapy and sports psychology. It is an on-going process where a coach guides or encourages continuous improvement of the individuals effectiveness. Below are some of the industry proven methodologies/processes for benchmarking the success of coaching and mentoring scheme: GROW Model STEER OSKAR Model The GROW Model of Coaching: One of the first performance coaching models developed the GROW model continues to be the most popular. It is a simple yet powerful framework to guide coaching sessions (Dembkowski and Eldridge 2003). Coaches ask a series of questions relating to the persons Goal, their Reality, their Options and their Will. G Goal. The persons goal should be as specific and measurable as possible, enabling the coach to ask: How will you recognize that you have accomplished that goal? What are the anticipations of others? Who else needs to recognize about the plan? How will you notify them? R Reality. The current situation the person is experiencing needs careful analysis. Sometimes, simply by seeing the situation clearly (rather than what was imagined), the resolution becomes obvious. Coaches can ask: What has been stopping you reaching your goal? Do you know anybody who has achieved their goal? What learning they got from them? O Options. Once you know wherever you are and wherever you want to go, the next step is to explore the options you have for getting there. Coaches can question: What can you do as a step one? What else could you do? What would happen if you did nothing? W Will. To change and improve performance, motivation is necessary. The anticipated result from this stage is a assurance to action. The following questions can direct coaches: Where does this goal apt in with your individual significances at the instant? What complications do you assume to meet? How will you overawed them? How committed are you to this goal? What steps are needed to achieve this? The STEER Model The STEER model which is (Spot, Tailor, Explain, Encourage and Review), similar to GROW, is duty concerned with and also has its base in the domain of game. But it varies from GROW model, and from other prototypes, in that it includes the coach signifying how a particular task must be done. S Spot training requirements T Tailor training content to meet the needs of individuals E Explain and determine how the duty would be completed E Encourage the individual however he/she is learning R Review progress during and on completion of learning. Solution-focused Coaching: The OSKAR model As with other models, the OSKAR model is a series of suggested questions to help guide both individual sessions and the overall process. This model makes use of a scale (0-10) so that participants can visualise where they are, where they want to be, and with the support of the coach work out how they could reach where they would like to be on a linear image. This style of questioning is designed to stimulate the coachee/mentee to analyse their own situation for themselves, and articulate how they can change according to their own experiences. O- Outcome What is the objective of this coaching? What do you want to achieve today? S Scaling On a scale of 0-10, with 0 representing the least it has ever remained and 10 the preferred future, where would you put the situation today? Describe your position in life now (lets call it n) whatever organized you ensure to get this far? How would you know you had get to a better situation than you are at now (n+1)? K Know-how and resources What helps you perform at the level you are at now (n on the scale), rather than at the worst it has ever been (0 on the scale)? When does the consequence at present happen for you even a tiny bit? What did you do to make that transpire? How did you do that? A Affirm and action What is already going well? What is the next small step? You are now at the position you just described (n), what would it take to get to a better situation (n+1)? R Review: whats better? What did you do that made the change transpire? What effects have the changes had? What do you think will change next? What changes adopting such a system might have on the organisations culture and knowledge management system CEOs and leadership teams are exciting with the supervision of people in complex organizations. Great leaders construct a philosophy in their businesses that initiatives the effects they want to accomplish. It is the leader of an association who is in the finest position to inspire culture change.   No one person, nevertheless, can change an entire culture. Impelling culture involves obtaining the trust and enhancing the capabilities and motivation of those who follow.   The leader has the potential to create the situation that becomes a powerful source of recognition and commitment for employees (Schein, 1992). The assumptions, beliefs and attitudes that monitor a companys distinguishing way of doing business outline a companys culture. Organizational culture can be a foremost aspect in a companys success or failure over time. Cultural individualities and values may be clear or not so clear.   Occasionally they are the least understandable to those who are drive in within the companys way of doing and observing things.   Also, culture in great associations has sub-cultures which are complex that activate in diverse parts of the corporation.   On an individual level, it is not constantly deceptive to leaders how their own behaviour (or that of their supervisors) teaches, models and emphasises the enterprise culture.    A companys culture affects bottom line financial outcomes and in some scenarios cited as the key factor determining the failure of a merger. In a large-scale survey (Galpin Herndon, 2000, p. 236) 57% of enterprises quoted risk of confrontation to change to their mergers success. 73% quoted leadership as being the aim for the accomplishment of their merger and acquisition 35% cited cultural compatibility as actuality the purpose for the victory of their merger and acquisition.   Other facts (Denison, 1990) advises that assured cultural manifestations, such as mission (a meaningful long-term direction), adaptability (responsiveness to the business environment), consistency (values and systems) and involvement (strong capability/ownership) are ominously related to a companys customer satisfaction, return on investments, sales growth, return on assets and other consequences. Knowledge Management Coaching and Mentoring: You know the value of Knowledge Management. You know that if you can introduce a system of knowledge transfer and re-use, you can help your company reduce costs, risk and rework, and deliver secure business success. You need to implement an approach that enables staff facing a new and unfamiliar problem to find valid, tried and tested knowledge based on long experience, which can help provide solutions. You need to implement Knowledge Management. However implementing Knowledge Management may itself be a new and unfamiliar problem something you have never done before. Where can you find valid, tried and tested knowledge and solutions? Where can you find sound practical advice, which you know is based on long experience? If Knowledge Management is of real business value, then knowledge about Knowledge Management is of even greater value. You need to find mentors: people you can trust and from whom you can learn about implementing Knowledge Management. People who can help you reduce costs, risk and rework, and deliver the secure business success of your Knowledge Management program. Finding a mentor in the current Knowledge Management world is not easy. There are a wealth of consultants out there, and it can be difficult to know which ones can really help you. Cost is not a valid guide you need to look at depth of relevant experience. This experience can be gained through, ongoing coaching and mentoring. Conclusion For coaching and mentoring to make a significant contribution to leadership development requires more mentors and coaches. Many capacity-building efforts that include a coaching and mentoring component fail simply because there are too few good quality local coaches on hand to provide follow up. There is a need to invest in the development of local coaches and mentors. The range of experiences of coaching/mentoring within CSOs highlight various issues and considerations. Whereas the overriding principles remain constant, particular considerations relating to context emerged from ur research. From the earliest stages of designing coaching/mentoring processes, practitioners need to bear these considerations in mind to pre-empt particular issues that may arise. Key Considerations for Coaching and Mentoring: The person has to be committed to change. The person should be able to choose their mentor/coach. All parties should prioritise and plan for coaching/mentoring. They should be seen as a core activities, rather than an add-on. The organisation and manager (if applicable) need to provide support for the process. The organisation needs to allocate sufficient time and funds. Patience is needed especially with difficult leaders and in situations of internal conflict: it is a long-term process. Post-conflict situations throw up particular problems of weak capacity. While enthusiastic, we must also remain realistic about mentoring and coaching. They cannot solve all problems in organisations and leadership. If the wrong person is in post, mentoring may not help; if the person is not committed to improving their own performance, coaching will not add value; if the person wants technical recommendations from outside, mentoring will be frustrating for all. In short, we first need to understand the context clearly, and then work out with the client the most appropriate capacity-building solution.

Plato’s Portrayal of Socrates Essay -- Plato Socrates

Plato’s Portrayal of Socrates The portrayal of Socrates by his student Plato creates one of the most controversial characters of all time. There are few other personalities in history that have drawn criticism and praise from the furthest ends of each spectrum. Socrates has been called the inventor of reason and logic, and at the same time has been condemned as a corruptor and a flake. Perhaps he was all of these. Despite this disagreement, one is a certainty: Socrates had a very interesting and active sense of humor. In order to successfully demonstrate Socrates’ sense of humor, it is necessary to define a few terms. To begin, we must define â€Å"comedy† as it was looked upon in the time of Socrates, Plato, and the Greek playwrights. Greek comedy comes in many different shades depending on both the author and the subject matter. There are two types of comedy that emerge as the most common when dealing with Socrates, slapstick and intellectual humor. Aristophanes uses the former as slapstick fart jokes and the like in Clouds. In an exchange with Socrates, Strepsiades exclaims, â€Å"Yes, I revere you, much honored ones, and wish to fart in response.† (Aristophanes, Clouds, 2931). On the other hand, Plato displays comedy as a more intellectual concept dealing quite a lot with puns and especially politics during Socrates’ trial. Socrates has been found guilty of impiety and corrupting the youth and the penalty of death has been suggested. Socrates uses his opport unity to suggest an alternative punishment and suggests â€Å"to be given [my] meals in the Prytaneum2,† (Plato, Apology of Socrates, 36d3). This ridiculous â€Å"hubristic and boastful†4 proposal can only be taken as comedy because having already been found guilty, Socrates... ...ophical Perspectives, Section 4: Sixth Handout.† Sources Aristophanes. Clouds. Translated by Thomas G. West and Grace Starry West in Four Texts on Socrates. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998. Burkert, Walter. Greek Religion. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985. Euripides. Bacchae. Translated by Paul Woodruff. Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 1998. Homer. The Iliad. Translated by Robert Fagles. New York: Penguin Books, 1990. Plato. Apology of Socrates. Translated by Thomas G. West and Grace Starry West in Four Texts on Socrates. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998. Plato. Euthyphro. Translated by Thomas G. West and Grace Starry West in Four Texts on Socrates. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998. Sennet, Richard. Flesh and Stone, the Body and the City in Western Civilization. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1994.

Ap Us History Chapter 39 Terms

Productivity: Slumped after the economic boom 25 years after WWI Inflation: Fed by rising oil prices and Great Society/Vietnam funding w/o tax increases Vietnamization: Withdrawing 540k troops from South Vietnam, while training Vietnamese to fight Nixon Doctrine: A doctrine that stated that the United States would stay true to all of their existing defense commitments but Asian and other countries would not be able to rely on large bodies of American troops for support in the future. Vietnam moratorium (1969): American â€Å"doves† and antiwar protestor were not satisfied with â€Å"vietnamization† and preferred a prompt withdral.Antiwar protesters did a Vietnam moratorium in October 1969 where 100,000 people went into the Boston Common and 50,000 people went by the white house with lighted candles. My Lai: Deepened disgust w/ war, a village full of innocents was massacred by American troops Cambodia: Nixon ordered troops to help SV to clear out troops in NV and VC majo r base Kent State University : Where Natl Gaurd fired into crowd protesting Cambodian invasion Tonkin Gulf Resolution repeal (1970): The Senate repealed the Tonkin Gulf Resolution that was originally given to Johnson and it restrained spending in the war and it reduced the draft. 6th Amendment: Lowered voting age to 18, pleased youth Daniel Ellsberg: a former American military analyst employed by the RAND Corporation who precipitated a national political controversy in 1971 when he released the Pentagon Papers, a top-secret Pentagon study of government decision-making about the Vietnam War, to The New York Times and other newspapers.Pentagon Papers: Leaked to NYT, Pentagon study over failures of Kennedy/Johnson Henry Kissinger: Natl Security Adviser; met with Nixon in Paris to negotiate end of war, prepared path to Beijing, Moscow China opening (1971): Nixon went to China in Feburary 1972 and improved relations with the U. S. and China. Nixon then used this new relation with China i n order to win trade with the Soviets. Detente: Period of relaxed tension between RU/CHAMB treaty/ SALT I: Anti-ballistic missile treaty which set the limit of two clusters of defensive missiles per nation. Strategic Arms Limitation Talks stopped the numbers of long-range nuclear missiles for 5 years. Earl Warren: Chief Justice during the 1950's and 1960's who used a loose interpretation to expand rights for both African-Americans and those accused of crimes. Liberal Warren Court decisions: The Warren Court refers to the Supreme Court of the United States between 1953 and 1969, when Earl Warren served as Chief Justice.Warren led a liberal majority that used judicial power in dramatic fashion, to the consternation of conservative opponents. The Warren Court expanded civil rights, civil liberties, judicial power, and the federal power in dramatic ways. Griswold v. Connecticut (1965): Supreme Court decision in which the Court ruled that the Constitution implicitly guarantees citizens' right to privacy. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963): Extends to the defendant the right of counsel in all state and federal criminal trials regardless of their ability to pay.Miranda (1966): The court ruled that those subjected to in-custody interrogation be advised of their constitutional right to an attorney and their right to remain silent. Warren E. Berger (1969): Chief Justice that replaced Earl Warren in 1969. The Burger Court was supposed to reverse the liberal rulings of the Warren court, but it produced the most controversial judicial decision in Roe v. Wade which legalized abortion Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC): Federal funds for children in families that fall below state standards of need.In 1996, Congress abolished AFDC, the largest federal cash transfer program, and replaced it with the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant Supplemental Security Income (SSI): A program established in 1972 and controlled by the Social Security Administrati on that provides federally funded cash assistance to qualifying elderly and disabled poor. Philadelphia plan (1969): Program established by Richard Nixon to require construction trade unions to work toward hiring more black apprentices.The plan altered Lyndon Johnson's concept of â€Å"affirmative action† to focus on groups rather than individuals. (1009) â€Å"Reverse discrimination†: The assertion that affirmative action programs that require preferential treatment for minorities discriminate against those who have no minority status. Environmental Protection Agency (1970): developments, logging, etc. must take environmental impact into account Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA): the federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the orkplace Rachel Carson/Silent Spring (1962): She investigated the harmful effects of pesticides, such as DDT, on the environment and other animals. Clean Air and Endangered Species Acts (1970): social, 1970 notable progress reduce auto emissions and cleaning up water and waste sites Nixon's â€Å"southern strategy† : His attempt to woo conservative white voters from the democratic party by promising not to support new civil rights legislation. Sen. George McGovern (1972): George Stanley McGovern (born July 19, 1922) is a historian, author, and former U.S. Representative, U. S. Senator, and the Democratic Party nominee in the 1972 presidential election. Vietnam pullout (1973): In 1973 the U. S. withdrew the 27,000 troops and would reclaim 560 prisoners of war and South Vietnam would receive limited amount of U. S. support. North Vietnam would have troops in South Vietnam and an election was used to determine the future government of South Vietnam. CREEP: Richard Nixon's committee for re-electing the president. Found to have been engaged in a â€Å"dirty tricks† campaign against the democrats in 1972.They raised tens of milli ons of dollars in campaign funds using unethical means. They were involved in the infamous Watergate cover-up. Watergate break-in (June 1972): Led by Liddy and Hunt of the White House plumbers, the Repub. undercover team received approval to wiretap telephones at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in the Watergate apartment complex in Washington. Early one morning, a security guard foiled the break-in to install the bugs, and he arrested James McCord, the security coordinator of CREEP, and several other Liddy and Hunt associates.White House â€Å"plumbers unit†: The White House Plumbers, sometimes simply called the Plumbers, were a covert White House Special Investigations Unit established July 24, 1971 during the presidency of Richard Nixon. Its task was to stop the leaking of classified information to the news media. Its members branched into illegal activities working for the Committee to Re-elect the President, including the Watergate break-in and the ensuing Watergate scandal. Sen. Sam Ervin: He was head of the Senate committee that conducted a long and televised series of hearings in 1973 to 1974.John Dean III: He was a former white house lawyer that testified about the involvement of the top levels of the White House. He talked of the president, the Watergate cover-up and accused the president of violating justice. His claims were later supported by Nixon's tape recordings. Spiro Agnew: Nixon's vice-president resigned and pleaded â€Å"no contest† to charges of tax evasion on payments made to him when he was governor of Maryland. He was replaced by Gerald R. Ford.Gerald Ford: president 1974-77, Nixon's Vice president, only person not voted into the White House, appointed vice president by Nixon: became president after Nixon resigned Archibald Cox: A professor of Harvard law school who also worked with the Department of Labor. He was the appointed Special Prosecutor over the Watergate case. â€Å"Saturday night massacre† (1973): Name given to the series of events in 1973 that included the firing of a special prosecutor investigating Watergate and the resignations of the attorney general and his next in command for refusing to fire the prosecutor.Cambodian bombings (1973): Occurred when President Nixon expanded the Vietnam War into it's neighboring country and attempted to destroy suspected supply lines. Pol Pot: Leader of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, who terrorized the people of Cambodia throughout the 1970's War Powers Act (1973): Gave any president the power to go to war under certain circumstances, but required that he could only do so for 90 days before being required to officially bring the matter before Congress. October War (1973): It was a war between the Arabs and Israel.Its motive was for the Arabs to regain the territory lost to Israel in the Six-Day War. Kissinger went to Moscow to restrain the Soviets while Nixon placed America's nuclear forces on alert and gave the Israelis $2 billion dollars worth of war supplies. This helped the Israelis and brought a cease fire. Arab Oil Embargo (1974): After the U. S. backed Israel in its war against Syria and Egypt, which had been trying to regain territory lost in the Six-Day War, the Arab nations imposed an oil embargo, which strictly limited oil in the U. S. and caused a crisis. Energy crisis†: when Carter entered office inflation soared, due to toe the increases in energy prices by OPEC. In the summer of 1979, instability in the Middle East produced a major fuel shortage in the US, and OPEC announced a major price increase. Facing pressure to act, Carter retreated to Camp David, the presidential retreat in the Maryland Mountains. Ten days later, Carter emerged with a speech including a series of proposals for resolving the energy crisis. Alaska pipeline: Built in 1975 along the pipeline to Valdez, it was an above-ground pipe 4 feet in diameter used to pump oil from the vast oil ields of northern Alaska to the tanke r station in Valdez Bay where the oil was put aboard ships for transport to refineries in the continental U. S.. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC): an economic organization consisting primarily of Arab nations that controls the price of oil and the amount of oil its members produce and sell to other nations. Articles of impeachment: It was passed by the House Judiciary Committee and its key vote came in July 1974 when Nixon was accused of obstruction of justice with Watergate.Other articles talked of Nixon's abuse as president and his contempt for congress. Nixon resignation (August 8, 1974): When Nixon resigned, 3 tapes were released with one of them containing orders for the Watergate Break in and he confessed to his Watergate involvement on television. These events ruined Nixon's creditability and he was able to keep his retirement benefits. Nixon pardon (1974): Within his first month of Presidency, Gerald Ford gave full pardon to Nixon. Which aroused fierce cr iticism, and soon his approval ratings went from 71% to 50%.Helsinki accords (1975): Political and human rights agreement signed in Helsinki, Finland, by the Soviet Union and western European countries. Vietnam defeat (1975): Vietnam collapsed with out American aid as the last Americans were taken out of Vietnam in 1975. It made America look bad in front of other foreign countries and caused America to lose confidence in its military. The War also took a toll on America's economy and its people with $118 billion spent, 56,000 dead, and 300,000 wounded.Title IX (1972): Major civil rights legislation that banned discrimination in education. It appears in this chapter as an example of ineffective policy implementation; unclear goals open to inconsistent interpretation. Equal Rights Amendment (ERA): Proposed the 27th Amendment, calling for equal rights for both sexes. Defeated in the House in 1972. Roe v. Wade (1973): The court legalized abortion by ruling that state laws could not rest rict it during the first three months of pregnancy. Based on 4th Amendment rights of a person to be secure in their persons.Phyllis Schlafly: 1970s; a new right activist that protested the women's rights acts and movements as defying tradition and natural gender division of labor; demonstrated conservative backlash against the 60s Betty Freidan: wrote The Feminine Mystique credited with starting the second wave of woman's liberation movement, question domestic fulfillment, founded NOW National Organization for Women (NOW): Founded in 1966, the National Organization for Women (NOW) called for equal employment opportunity and equal pay for women.NOW also championed the legalization of abortion and passage of an equal rights amendment to the Constitution. Milliken v. Bradley (1974): This Supreme Court decision responded in some ways to the backlash against integration via busing by stating that busing was only legal where schools were deliberately using racist tactics to segregate scho ols. It also said that the goal of Swann was not to create racially balanced schools with certain numbers of each race but to stop wilful segregation. Reverse discrimination†: The assertion that affirmative action programs that require preferential treatment for minorities discriminate against those who have no minority status. Bakke case (1978): saw the Supreme Court barely rule that Allan Bakke had not been admitted into U. C. Davis because the university preferred minority races only and ordered the college to admit Bakke. United States v. Wheeler (1978): -facts: Indian is convicted in tribal court and later charged with same offense from same act (a rape) in federal court. HELD: SCOTUS won't apply double jeopardy bar to litigation, because under the 5th Amendment, it is not the same offense when two SOVEREIGNS prosecute the same person. Jimmy Carter (1976): James Earl â€Å"Jimmy† Carter, Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th Pr esident of the United States (1977-1981) and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize, the only U. S. President to have received the Prize after leaving office. Before he became President, Carter served as a U. S.Naval officer, was a peanut farmer, served two terms as a Georgia State Senator and one as Governor of Georgia (1971-1975) Department of Energy: the federal department responsible for maintaining a national energy policy of the United States â€Å"Human rights†: the basic rights to which all people are entitled as human beings Camp David accords (1978): Peace treaty between Egypt and Israel; hosted by US President Jimmy Carter; caused Egypt to be expelled from the Arab league; created a power vacuum that Saddam hoped to fill; first treaty of its kind between Israel and an Arab state Return of Panama Canal: Carter proposed two treaties that would give ownership and control of the Panama Canal back to Panamanians by the year 2000. The return of the Panama Canal was one of Carter's accomplishments in foreign policy. Mohammed Reza Pahlevi: Shah of Iran who was deposed in 1979 by Islamic fundamentalists (1919-1980) Brezhnev and SALT II negotiations (1979): Carter and Brezhev met in Vienna to sign the SALT agreements which were meant limit the number of lethal strategic weapons in both U. S. and Russia. U. S. conservatives were against the agreement and suspicious against Russia. The conservative stance was strengthened against the agreements when it was discovered that there was a Soviet â€Å"combat brigade† in Cuba.Iranian hostage crisis (1979-1980): On November 4, 1979 anti-American Muslim militants went to the United States' embassy in Teheran and took everyone inside hostage. Their demand was to restore the exiled shah who went to the U. S. for medical treatment. Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini: Islamic religious leader who led a revolution to overthrow Iran's government in 1979; he ruled the country for the next ten years on a strongl y anti-American platform Afghanistan invasion and Olympic boycott (1980): The 1980 Summer Olympics boycott of the Moscow Olympics was a part of a package of actions initiated by the United States to protest the Soviet war in Afghanistan. [1] It preceded the 1984 Summer Olympics boycott carried out by the Soviet Union and other Communist friendly countries.